Open Source Software: A Viewer for 3 dim Chemical Structures

Many chemicals, especially orgranic ones,  have a 3 dim structure, which is important to understand their performance, but  almost impossible to visualize without  suitable tools.

Jmol is an excellent open source software, which does a great job, to visualize complicated 3 dim molecular structures.

For instance it is quite easy, to create a 3 dim structure  of graphen.

To study organic chemistry or biochemistry,  it is a must, to use such a program, otherwise it is impossible, to understand the details of these complicated chemical structures.

Here is a  download link:
http://jmol.sourceforge.net/


Using  a  good meta search engine like mamma  (  http://www.mamma.com ), it is easy to find many informative sources about using this program.

Advanced Material for Solving Many Problems: Graphen

Graphen consists of  Carbon atoms, which form  a  plane network  of hexagonally arranged Carbon atoms.

This material, which has been developed  about 10 years ago and can now be bought  ( for instance at:  http://www.angstronmaterials.com/in-the-news/ ),  has several  outstanding features like:

•  4 times higher electrically conductivity than copper  ( 20 000 S/cm)

•  5 times higher thermal conductivity than copper  ( 5 300 W/(mK)

• extreme large surface  ot 2600  square meter per gram graphen

• 50  times higher strength than steel

These outstanding features will be the base for many future inventions, like:

• filters for water or separation   of  particles in liquids

• super batteries

• super capacitors

• similar devices like heat pipes, but probably much cheaper

• solar cells

• ropes

• paper like products

• semi permeable membranes ( separation of nitrogen and oxygen in the air ? )

At least it  is worth while for every technically oriented inventor, to have a look at this material.

How to Earn Money with Fish Farming Part 3: Tilapia

Tilapia  is fish, which   lives  only from vegetables and cereals and the fry do not pass a planktonic phase.  Therefore it is a very good choice for us. Also the taste of the fish meat is very good.

Detailed information is given at:  http://www.appropedia.org/Tilapia_Fish_Farming_Notions

The main draw back could be, that Tilapia  need warm water, for which energy may be needed, when we live in cold countries. But using  solar collectors, to heat up the water, especially fresh water in separate vessels, should help, to minimize the needed energy.All water tanks and the fish tanks should be insulated of course.

If  a heat exchanger is installed in the house, then  two benefits can be combined:

• Reduce the energy demand to heat  the house
•  use the exhaust air to heat up the water tanks. In the exhaust air  is still enough oxygen for the fishes.

How to Earn Money with Fish Farming Part 2: Aquaponics

What is needed  for intensive  aquaponics ?

• Plastic tanks are placed in green houses with hydroponic beds, in which oftenly herbs like parsley and basil are raised.
• water purification system; recommended is a combination of hydroponic horticulture and water treatment.
• What is the best fish for us ?  Salmon and trout need expensive food  and they need much oxygen in the water. 
• Much  less demanding  are Catfish and Clarias. Up to 10% of the water volume can be fishes.  That means, in  a vessel with 1 cubicmetre  there could be raised up to  100  kg  fish.
• The draw back of too high fish density is the danger of  infections and of course, the fishes should lead a good life. That means, they need enough free space to swim, good water quality and good food.

Integrated recycling systems look to be the best solution for us, because we need not an expensive water cleaning system. Nature works  for us and we can also raise vegetables. But we need a filter and and an air supply system into the water.

• We  can use the waste water in the garden

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aquaponics

How to Earn Money with Fishfarming. Part 1 Basics

There exist many poor or unemployed people worldwide.   The best opportunity for them to earn their living,    to work  as a self employed person.

But also for self employed people it can be interesting, to find additional opportunities to earn money, because it is always safer to have  several  income sources.

We will therefore discuss several opportunities in the category:   How to earn money.   It is good to have a core business, but we  should also try, to learn enough about other businesses, so that we can start with a new business, if the core business runs into problems.

Here we discuss, how we could earn money with fish farming.

• Assuming, that not much money is available, we have to start small, but with the goal, to earn  our living in the future.
• How do we start, if we know  nothing about fish farming ?  The easiest way is, to search in the internet, starting   with   http://www.wikipedia.org  
• Using the search words     "fish farming" ,   we are directly  led to the main article  at:  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fish_farm 

This article gives us a good first overview, so that we know enough, to focus on the topics of fish farming, which are of interest for us.

What do we learn from this article ?

• extensive fish farming is done in lakes or at sea  coasts. But it is not of interest for us, because we need large lakes to live from.
• The most common fishes raised are: salmon,carp,tilapia, catfish and cod.
•  intensive aquaculture:   With intensive aquaculture, we can raise a lot of fishes in  tanks, combined with the culture of vegetables and need  not much  footprint, to live from.

Therefore this will be our choice, to focus on  in part 2:   Aquaponics